MAGNETIC STORMS AND AURORA#

 Have you ever heard about magnetic storms and auroras. these terms belong to climatology, which is a part of geography.

MAGNETIC STORMS;

• A magnetic storm is a period of rapid magnetic field variation. It can last from hours to days.
• The Sun sometimes emits a strong surge of solar wind called a coronal mass ejection. This gust of solar wind disturbs the outer part of the Earth's magnetic field.
• This heats ionosphere and is distorted during storms, long range radio communication that relies on sub-ionospheric reflection can be difficult or impossible and global-positioning system (GPS) communications can be degraded.
• Even though rapid magnetic field variations are generated by currents in space, very real effects can result down here on the Earth’s surface. The real effected things will be satellites, rockets, and etc..,

AURORA;

• An Aurora is a display of light in the sky especially seen in the high latitude regions (Arctic and Antarctic). It is also known as a Polar light.
• There are two types- the aurora borealis and aurora australis – often called the northern lights and southern lights.
• Auroras mostly be in milky greenish color. they can also be in red, violet, white, pink, blue.

Auroras are caused when charged particles ejected from the Sun’s surface - called the solar wind - enter the Earth’s atmosphere.

The typical aurora is caused by collisions between charged particles from space with the oxygen and nitrogen in Earth’s upper atmosphere.

The electrons - which come from the Earth’s magnetosphere transfer their energy to the oxygen and nitrogen atoms and molecules, making them “excited”.

When  they bombard  the oxygen and nitrogen can emit enough light for the eye to detect, giving us beautiful auroral displays.